The second article of the series considers the method of theoretical solution to the problem of plants stems sliding cutting with the account for the rheological properties of the material. In the result of solving the differential equation for the behavior of rheological model selected for the stem, the normal and tangential stresses at the contact zone of blade and stem interaction have been determined.
The basic stresses have been determined in the result of the stress states analyses. The obtained results enable to identify the optimal geometric and kinematic parameters, in case of which the sliding cutting can be implemented with minimum energy consumption.

The aim of the current work is to find out the effect of malfunction in the working brake system on the main parameters of the braking process and its performance, and hence, on the accuracy of the expert’s conclusion, proposing relevant principles that should guide the experimental research.
The analysis of expert practice in car technical inspection testifies that the majority of questions addressed to the experts are related to the vehicle brake system and its efficiency assessment.

Animal husbandry is one of the leading agricultural branches in Armenia. Throughout recent years, almost 40 % of the agricultural gross product is resulted from the animal husbandry branch.
The rangelands play a crucial role in the forage base development. In the recent 30 years the pastures in Armenia have lost their qualitative properties due to overgrazing and degradation thereof, while the land types with the characteristic traits of grasslands are not often used for their intended purpose.
It is practically impossible to implement monitoring over the rangelands without clear and constantly updated information. Such kind of information can be retrieved via the use of geoinformation systems.

In order to ensure fire and explosion safety during the operation of gas cylinder vehicles, the control and technical condition of the elements in the vehicle’s power system, particularly one of the most important types of operational verification – technical diagnostics of the vehicle through identifying relevant methods and means has been considered in the current article.
It is recommended to install leak detectors with built-in gas flow control sensors in the design of the power supply system of a compressed gas vehicle, which will ensure the detection of gas leaks in the event of depressurization of the car’s gas equipment reducing the number of accidents.

Since 2020 the global economy has faced serious economic and financial challenges due to COVID-19 pandemic. The main purpose of this research is to study the dynamics of the monthly average import prices for the main types of imported grains and monthly average exchange rates for 1 US dollar in 2020-2022 in RA, disclosing the correlation between them. In the studied period the monthly average import price of wheat increased in autumn and in winter months. The results of analysis have shown that in the mentioned period there was a strong non-linear correlation between monthly average exchange rate of 1 US dollar and the average import prices of the main cereals.

Identifying the variability of plant genetic resources and selecting valuable genotypes is one of the most important problems in plant growing and plant breeding. The research results show that per their morphological and phylogenetic indices the beetroot populations are combined in 2 varieties: Egyptian flat and Bordeaux 237, those of sugar beet – in 1 variety: Belotserkovskaya singleseeded, and fodder beet – in the variety of Yellow Eckendorf. Each of the studied populations has certain advantages per its economic and ecological characteristics, which can be further used in beet breeding.

In 2018-2019, 8 species of pests were registered in the warehouses of seeds of different crops, which were located in the cities of Yerevan, Abovyan and Masis, (Sitophilus granaries L., Trogoderma granarium Ev., Tenebrioides mauritanicus L., Sitophilus oryzae L., Rhyzopertha dominica F., Acanthoscelides obtectus Say., Callosobruchus maculatus Fabr., Sitophilus oryzae L., Bruchophagus roddi Guss). In all three warehouses, wheat and barley were the most infected with pests, while sainfoin was not damaged in any of the warehouses.

To obtain high quality and abundant yield product from vegetable crops, it is necessary to improve cultivation technology by applying new agricultural measures and introducing modern agricultural systems, which will allow to obtain competitive products in the market at low costs. Research has been carried out at the ANAU Voskehat experimental farm in 2022. During the research respective eggplant and pepper varieties were cultivated in open field with hail protection net shading. The experimental data showed that net shading had positive effect on the growth, development, quantity and quality of eggplant and pepper yield, providing 45 and 22 c per-hectare yield surplus, respectively.

Ophthalmohelminthiasis are rather widespread in the natural and artificial water basins of Armenia.
Totally 126 fish of 7 species have been researched. Fish was taken from the pond farms of the Ararat, Armavir, Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions, as well as from the rivers and ponds of the Ararat valley, the river Hrazdan and Lake Sevan.
During the investigations 4 species of pathogens have been detected: Diplostomum spathaceum, D. rutili, D. mergi, and Tylodelphys clavata. The metacercariae of the pathogen of Diplostomum spathaceum have been detected in the fish of relatively well-maintained basins, while those of D. rutili have been detected in the fish of waterbasins contaminated with sewage waters.

Bartonella spp. are known as causative agents of zoonosis. The information on the reservoirs of Bartonella spp. mammals /fleas/ ticks, is limited in Armenia. The aim of this study was, on the basis of the available PhyloChip™data from the previous investigations, to study bacterial communities in healthy and patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever of the Armenian population that have common gene sequences with Bartonella-positive fleas.
The preliminary results on PhyloChip™ analysis revealed operational taxonomic units of several gut bacterial communities in healthy people and patients with FMF in the Armenian population sharing common gene-sequences with the Bartonella- positive fleas.

White staphylococcus spp. is the common name for staphylococci that do not form a golden pigment. It causes and complicates the course of many inflammatory processes in various organs and tissues of humans and animals. In particular, in dairy cattle breeding, white staphylococcus is the main cause of serous and serous-catarrhal mastitis. Low efficiency in the treatment of staphylococcal mastitis is due to the resistance of the pathogen to antibiotics. Accordingly, the use of chemotherapeutic drugs for mastitis without prior determination of the sensitivity of isolated strains of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics leads to double economic damage.

Investigations on the swine brucellosis has been conducted for the first time within 2021-2022 throughout the recent 60 years.
Probably, the infection carrier small and large cattle have become the cause of brucellosis infection. Joint housing and zoohygienic conditions, as well as the remnants of infected dairy products have served as predisposing factors for morbidity.
Rose-Bengal test and agglutination reaction were used to detect antibodies in blood serum. As a result of epidemiological analysis, the indicators of morbidity and insecurity rates have amounted to 0.0025 (0.25 %), 0.0075 (0.75 %), respectively, while the economic damage has made AMD 1 mln 310 thousand.

Bees are of great importance in agriculture. Recently, beekeeping has been threatened by various viral diseases, which forces beekeepers to look for new solutions in the fight against bee diseases.
Epizootological and laboratory research was carried out in two regions (marzes) of the Republic of Armenia: Aragatsotn (Ashtarak community) and Tavush (Dilijan community). The clinical signs of the studied bees coincided with the symptoms of acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV). As a result of laboratory research, acute bee paralysis virus was confirmed in Tavush marz.

The investigations have been conducted in four regions of Armenia to detect the cows diseased with latent mastitis in different livestock farms and to treat them through the new recommended method by using blue iodine. The latent mastitis has been diagnosed by means of Californian test. Out of 127 heads of researched animal latent mastitis was detected in 48 stocks (37.7 %). The animals of control group were treated with Eficur drug and those of experimental group – with blue iodine. Due to the active agents, blue iodine has provided high efficiency speeding up the treatment by 2-3 days.

The main goal of this study is to develop an effective method for the treatment of pneumonia in dogs. Clinical and hematological studies of the dogs sick with pneumonia as well as bacteriological examination of sputum were carried out to determine the bacterial composition and the sensitivity to antibiotics. Our recommended approach on the use of Moxifort, Gamavit, and ACC has manifested a high therapeutic effect.

The current article is dedicated to the study of the possibility of obtaining alcoholic beverages made by fermenting natural honey (honey wine) using different types of dry active yeast and yeast autolysis derivatives. The data obtained from the results of the research will be interesting both from the scientific and production point of view and allow us to conclude that the selected yeasts can be used for the production of such alcoholic beverages.

Meat is a source of complete proteins of animal origin, which is necessary for the construction of human body tissues, synthesis and exchange of substances. In the RA, serious attention is paid to obtaining meat raw materials, sanitary and hygienic requirements and storage. However, even a high level of control does not allow consumers to be protected from the presence of low-quality and defective meat raw materials at consumption points. Sometimes they occur in meat raw materials of non-slaughterhouse origin, sometimes as a result of violating the rules of storage and transportation. The purpose of the work is to select and separate defective beef raw materials and to find out the defect causes.

The volume of production and consumption of cider as a low alcoholic and soft drink is increasing year by year. Being a part of the global economy, a similar trend is also noticeable among a smaller scale Armenian producers and consumers. During this research we studied the physicochemical parameters of apple juice and ready-made cider obtained from apple varieties common in Armenia. Fermentation was carried out with four different yeasts intended for cider production and one control sample. The aim was to reveal the effect of each yeast on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the final cider.

This study aims to assess the consumer health risk caused by metals in fish produced in Armenia. The collected fish samples were analyzed for copper, lead, molybdenum, and arsenic via the atomic-absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. Clusters of consumers were created after conducting public surveys and analyzing data. Risk assessment was done based on the Margin of Exposure (MOE). The results indicated that the consumer health risk is within allowable limits. Moreover, the study identified factors that influence the toxicity level of the product, pointing to a necessity for a more comprehensive approach to risk assessment.